Internal-combustion engine.



Patented June 18, 1912.

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L.-S. & R. WATRES. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIOATION FILED J'AN.21,1910.

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LEWIS S. WATRES AND REYBURN WATRES, 0F SGRAN TON, PENNSYLVANIA.

IN TERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 18, 1912.

Application filed January 21, 1910. Serial No. 539,265.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, LEWIS S. WATRES and REYBURN WATRES, citizens of the United States of America, residing at Scranton, county of Lackawanna, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Internal-Combustion Engines.

In the engine constituting the subject matter of this invention, the high pressure and low pressure cylinders and pistons are concentric. In the particular embodiment of the invention shown, the high pressure piston is in the center and is separated from the surrounding low pressure'piston by an appropriate annular space occupied by the wall separating the high pressure cylinder from the low pressure cylinder. Both pistons act upon a common connecting rod attached to the central high pressure piston. The equalizing pressure valve from the high pressure to the low pressure cylinder'is to be actuated, at the moment desired, from the main crank shaft or other moving part of the engine; as is also the low pressure cylinder exhaust valve. Admission of fuelsto the high pressure cylinder is controlled by the position of the piston as is also the exhaust from the high pressure cylinder.

The accompanying drawing is a vertical section indicating an organization constituting one embodiment of the invention.

The high pressure piston 00 coupled to the connecting rod m reciprocates in a cylinder 0 the walls of which are indicated by e. The low pressure cylinder is formed by the wall 6 and the outer wall f shown as forming part of the outer shell of the engine. Suitable packing rings is are applied to the inner wall of the low ressure cylinder adjacent its open end and to the outer face of the low pressure piston adjacent its inner end.

2' indicates the relief valve connecting the high pressure cylinder through a chamber 2' with the low pressure cylinder 0 and it indicates an exhaust valve for the low pressure cylinder, which is opened at the end of the active stroke of the pistons and held open during their upward movement when the high pressure piston is compressing a charge.

at is the closed crank chamber to which the fuel is. admitted by pipe 7' through spring pressed valve j and from this chamber it passes through a pipe connection 613 to a port (Z so located that, when the pistons are retracted coincides with a part (Z formed through the low pressure piston and a port al formed through the wall 6 communicating with an opposite inlet port d formed in the side of the inner head of the high pressure piston and opening in the end face of the piston. Similarly the exhaust passages for the high pressure cylinder are formed by a port 0 in the head of the high pressure piston opening on the side thereof and communicating by the port 0 formed through the wall 6, with an opposite port 0 in the low pressure piston that registers with a port 0 leading to the exhaust pipe E.

The engine is of the two cycle type. Incoming fuel scavenges the high pressure cylinder and on the return stroke is compressed and ignited in any appropriate way. Such residual charge of high spent gases as may remain. in the low pressure cylinder after the combustion of a charge producing an outward stroke of the piston, does not interfere with the action of the exploded gases in such cylinder. Packing rings may be applied either to the outer face of the high pressure piston or to the inner face of the high pressure cylinder but it is preferred that the fit of the piston shall be such as to render packing unnecessary. The packing is in the inner face of the low pressure cylinder and on the outer face of the low pres. sure piston will not be subjected to a temperature sufficiently high to materially abbreviate its life and usefulness. To prevent leaking of fuel from the compression crank chamber n past the outer faceof the low pressure cylinder, it is desirable to apply packing o to the outer face of the low pressure piston adjacent its outer end. The various parts of the cylinders and easing maybe made in any appropriate way in an desired number of sections suitably bolted together as may conform to the ideas of the constructor.

To prevent cushioning of the low pressure piston by spent gases that may leak into the chamber w, an outlet for such gases is afforded by a port 00 in the low pressure piston that cooperates with an elongated port 00 formed in the shell and connected by pipe m containing a check valve with the exhaust passage 0 of the high pressure cylinder. The port 0: distance inside the shell so that the gases in a: may escape through port m before being extends downwardly some materially compressed. The area of the low pressure cylinder may be such that the exhaust will be at low pressure and temperature.

In this engine the charge is compressed by one piston and the energy of the combustion exerted on two pistons. In the operation of the engine, the valve 71 may be open at the moment of ignition,-or may be opened later.

1. An internal combustion engine comprising concentric pistons one surrounding the other and so connected as to move simultaneously in the same direction, corresponding concentric cylinders, cooperating inlet ports formed in the inner piston, through the body of the outer piston and in the shell or outer wall of the outer cylinder, corresponding cooperating exhaust ports similarly located, a valve connecting the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder and adapted to be appropriately operated by a moving art of the engine and an exhaust valve for the outer cylinder adapted also to be appropriately operated by a moving part of the engine.

2. An internalcombustion engine, comprising concentric cylinders one surrounding the other, concentric pistons operating in such cylinders and so connected as to move simultaneously in the same direction, ports in the cylinder wall for admission of fuel Copies of this patent may be obtained for the outer cylinder to the interior cylinder when the piston of said cylinder is at the end of its outward stroke, ports also in the cylinder wall and controlled by the piston for at about the same time opening the interior cylinder to the exhaust, a valve connecting the interior cylinder and the outercylinder and adapted to be appropriately operated by a moving part of the engine, and an exhaust valve for also adapted to be appropriately operated by a moving part of the engine.

3. An internal combustion engine, comprising concentric cylinders one surrounding the other, and pistons so connected as to move simultaneously therein, ports for admitting fuel to oneof said cylinders when the pistons are at the end of their outward stroke, ports der, a valve connecting the two cylinders and adaptedto be appropriately operated by a moving part of the engine, and a valve for exhausting that cylinder to which the fuel is not directly admitted and also adapted to be appropriately operated by a moving part of the engine.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names.

LEWIS S. WATRES. I REYBURN WATRES. Witnesses: I

S. A. STORY, L. F. BROWNING.

five cents each, by' addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G.

for exhausting the same cylin- 

